Topic 07, Concept Guide

The Scopes Trial

• Teacher arrested for teaching evolution theory.

Prohibition

• Begins January 1920.
• Women organizations pushed it
• Henry Ford was the biggest component to stop drinking
• 18th amendment banned manufacture & sale.
  Did not ban Possession, Consumption, and Transportation
  
• ISSUES WITH ENFORCEMENT
  -IRS was in charge
  -Could possess and consume it.
• Prohibition produces more bars than there was before the 18th Amendment.
• 1933 the 21st amendment was passed, which made the 18th invalid.

Flappers

• Paintings of Women in the 1920's
• Women who dressed rebelliously.

Economic Issues (1920's)

• 3 Factors
  -Credit available to the consumer
  -Low interest rates
  -Introduction to the 'installment plan'
  

Dust Bowl

• CAUSES:
  -Drought
  -Over Farming
  -Mechanization (Machine Work)
  -Over Farming did not let the soil recover after they had gathered the crops, thus loosening the soil.
  -Mechanization would loosen the soil more.
  -Drought would keep the soil dry without water and nutreints.
  -If you combine these three, you get very loose soil, that could easily be picked up by strong winds, and carried Miles across United States.
• 'KKK' comes back
  -No one is safe
  -Jews
  -Immigrants
  -Catholics
  -Divorcees
  -1923 had 3 million members
  1930 had 45,000 members
  -'Grandmaster' gets arrested and causes decrease in members
  

Agricultural Issues

• Malnutritioned soil would cause for crops to be very hard to grow, almost impossible.

Immigration Policies

• Limited immigration to the U.S.
  -Why?
  -U.S. could thrive without immigrants
  -Opposition to quotas disappear.

Nativism

• Opposition to Migration
  
• WWI limited immigration to the U.S.
• Afraid of the spreads of communism
  

Significant Literary Works (1920's)

• Jacob Ris
  -Wrote books on how the poor lived in the cities.
• Raulph Nater
  -Wrote "Unsafe at any speed"
  -Has to do with car safety.

The Great Migration

• Migration of African Americans from the Rural South to the cities in the North.

Harlem Renaissance

• Celebration of African American arts, poetry, music.

Sacco and Vanzetti

• Italians who were murdered because they were believed to be anarchist.
  

Labor Issues (1920's)

• Unemployment rate reached 5%
• Wages increased as hours decreased
• Strikes
  

The Red Scare

• Bolshevik Revolution
  -Lenin comes to power in Russia
  - Russian Becomes the USSR.
• Palmer Raids
  -'Un-American' people were picked up and charged for crimes.

Schneck v. The U.S.

• Espionage and sedition acts were declared constitutional by the Supreme Court